Procedures for seeking asylum in Hungary, rights and protections are afforded to asylum seekers
Seeking Asylum in Hungary: A Practical Guide (2025)
Hungary, as a member of the European Union, adheres to international and EU laws in processing asylum applications. However, the country has adopted increasingly strict policies in recent years. It is essential for asylum seekers to understand the legal procedures, their rights, and available protections. This guide outlines the asylum process in Hungary and provides practical steps and resources.
1. The Asylum Application Process
Where and How to Apply
As of 2025, you cannot apply for asylum directly at the border or within Hungary unless you are already lawfully present in the country. Instead, you must first submit a declaration of intent at a Hungarian embassy outside the EU (e.g., in Belgrade or Kyiv). If your request is approved, you will receive a travel permit to enter Hungary and formally submit your asylum application.
- Step 1: Submit a declaration of intent at a Hungarian embassy abroad.
- Step 2: Await approval from the Hungarian asylum authority (OIF).
- Step 3: If approved, travel to Hungary and submit your asylum application in person.
Required Documents
When applying, you should prepare:
- A valid passport or identity document (if available)
- Any evidence supporting your claim (e.g., police reports, medical records, witness statements)
- Proof of persecution, war, or violence in your home country
- Completed application forms (available at the embassy or online)
2. Rights and Protections for Asylum Seekers
Hungary is bound by the 1951 Geneva Convention and EU asylum laws, which guarantee:
Legal Rights
- Right to a fair procedure, including legal aid and interpreter services
- Protection from refoulement (forcible return to danger)
- Right to appeal a negative decision within 15 days
Access to Basic Services
- Shelter in government-run reception centers
- Healthcare: Emergency and essential medical care
- Education: Children have the right to attend school
Employment Opportunities
- You may apply for a work permit if no decision has been made within 9 months of your application.
3. Challenges in Hungary’s Asylum System
Hungary has faced criticism for:
- Pushbacks at the border, limiting access to asylum
- Transit zone detentions (now closed, but concerns remain)
- Limited integration support for recognized refugees
Due to these challenges, legal assistance is often crucial for a successful asylum claim.
4. Where to Seek Legal Help
Free Legal Aid and Advocacy
- Hungarian Helsinki Committee
Offers free legal assistance to asylum seekers and refugees.
[Refugee and Migrant Rights – Helsinki Committee](https://helsinki.hu/ukr/)
Legal Representation
- Hungarian Bar Association (Magyar Ügyvédi Kamara)
Provides referrals to immigration lawyers.
https://www.magyarugyvedikamara.hu
Important Note: This guide provides general information and does not substitute legal advice. Asylum laws and procedures may change. Always consult an immigration expert or legal aid organization for the most current guidance.
